For background information about the diaries and their transcribers see Introduction
July 1
Bellingham entry
July ye 1st. A hott day. Nabby and I went to Liverpoole. We baited att Rufford, where Mr. Barton came to us. Mr. Gregson and Mr. Rishton and theyr wives accompanyd us so farr.
Rawstorne entry
i at Wygan & Marched to Amerscough
July 2
Bellingham entry
Ye 2d. A fayr day. My brother and sister Giffard came to us. We saw severall freindes. I bowld att ye Green.
Rawstorne entry
2 at Wygan & march’d to Manchester lodged at Bulls=head.
Comment
The Giffards would be Duke Gifford of Castle Jordan, County Meath, and his wife, Elizabeth, the sister of Bellingham’s wife Abigail (Nabby). The couple had married in 1685. Information based on a record in the “Ireland Marriages, 1619-1898.” Database. FamilySearch. http://FamilySearch.org : 6 February 2020 and ‘William Handcock (Westmeath Politician)’, in Wikipedia, 27 January 2020, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Handcock_(Westmeath_politician)&oldid=937743568. Presumably they were part of the exodus of Irish Protestants at this time.
July 3
Bellingham entry
Ye 3d. A fayr day. I bowld. Dr Richmond and severall others were wth me, att my Lodging till it was late.
Rawstorne entry
3 at Manchester & at prayers
July 4
Bellingham entry
Ye 4th. A fayr day. Capt Matthewes treated us att ye Lyon. I bowld, and some of us dranke ale att Cook’s [hostelry, not identified].
Rawstorne entry
4 at Manchester & went toth’ field in Mr Traffords old park dyned wth Mr Sherrif Birch at Ordsall my Lord Leuietent: [Brandon] & Comssn: Officers march’d back to Manchester
Comment
There are references to Col Matthews in 18 entries in Bellingham’s diary. This is the only reference to a Capt Matthews: possible error by diarist or transcriber?
July 5
Bellingham entry
Ye 5th. A fayr day. We parted wth our freindes, and came home about 7. There went an express to Lerpoole.
Rawstorne entry
5 at Manchester dismissed at ii, dyned at Ensigne Gees in Salford came thence at 4 calld at mr Kenions
July 6
Bellingham entry
Ye 6th. A fayr day. Mr Barton came here. I went out to see a battalion of ye Ld Castleton’s regiment exercise. I was wth Mr Barton and others pretty late.
Rawstorne entry
6 at Preston & at prayers
July 7
Bellingham entry
Ye 7th. A fayr day. Mr. Barton preach’d in ye afternoon. I went and sate some time wth Dean Ward.
Rawstorne entry
7 at Preston Church heard the Vicar and received the Sacraemt. afternoon heard Mr. Barton
July 8
Bellingham entry
Ye 8th. A close, hott day. The Corporation rode ye boundaryes [of the town, an annual event]. We were handsomely treated at Capt Claytons, and was wth Mr Hodgkinson and Mr. Barton.
Rawstorne entry
8 at Preston & rid the Bondaries wth Mr Mayor & dyned at Capt. Claytons
July 9
Bellingham entry
Ye 9th. A very hott day. Mr. Barton and I were treated att Mr. Hodgkinson’s, and were late att ye anchor wth Coll Fairfax and other officers of Lord Castleton’s regiment.
Rawstorne entry
9 went to Hutton Grange & returnd to Penwortham dyned there & ‘ith’ evening at Ancor wth Coll fairfax Capt. Sanderson Capt Wichcoat & others
July 10
Bellingham entry
Ye 10th. A hott day. Mr. Hodgkinson, Mr. Barton, and I went to Ormskirke to meete Mr. Roper [?]. Din’d there and went to waite on Coll Fairfax att our returne.
Rawstorne entry
i0 went to Bowles to Swanseys [probably Swanseys on the marsh] dined there the officers above menioed & Mr Mayor & diverse others. Mr ffleetwd [probably Richard or Thomas] &c was after at Ancor wth theim.
July 11
Bellingham entry
Ye 11th. A close, hott day. Ye Earl of Devonshire’s regiment of horse came here. They are indifferently well mounted. Mr. Barton went to Poulton. I bathed.
Rawstorne entry
ii went to Penwortham dyned there called at Boathouse, Bro: ffleetwood came thither wth us: 6 troopes of my Lord Devonshires quater’d in Towne, Majoe Boyl at my house, was wth him & the Capts. at Ancor.
Comment
The Earl of Devonshire’s Regiment of Horse (later the 7th Dragoon Guards) was one of the new regiments added by William of Orange shortly after the Revolution. The earl received his commission on 31 December 1688 and his regiment would have been stationed in Preston shortly before embarking for Ireland where it saw action at the Battle of the Boyne. [1] Bathing was a noteworthy event for Bellingham.
[1] Stephen Luscombe, ‘7th Dragoon Guards’, https://www.britishempire.co.uk/forces/armyunits/britishcavalry/7dg.htm.
July 12
Bellingham entry
Ye 12th. A hott day. A battalion of Sr George St. Georges regiment came hither. I saw cornett Meredith and Capt. Cursett [neither identified], and recommended Tim Bankes to ye Capt.
Rawstorne entry
i2 at Preston & at prayers, went at 3 to Walton Mr. Patten wth mee to meet Sr Charles Houghton Mr. Asheton Of Cuerdale & others, about repaire of Walton cop
Comment
Sir George St George had served in the Irish army until dismissed because of his Protestantism. [1] He had taken over as colonel of the regiment of foot in May following the dismissal of the previous colonel, Solomon Richards, by William III for failing to raise the siege of Derry. The regiment did not return to Ireland. [2] Walton Copp was the embankment that carried the main road north to the Ribble bridge at Walton-le-Dale.
[1] Charles Dalton, English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, vol. 3: 1689-1694 (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1904), 411, http://archive.org/details/englisharmylists03dalt.
[2] Richard Cannon, Historical Record of the Seventeenth, or the Leicestershire Regiment of Foot: Containing an Account of the Formation of the Regiment in 1688, and of Its Subsequent Services to 1848 (London: Parker, Furnivall, & Parker, 1848), 3, http://archive.org/details/recordofseventeen00canniala
July 13
Bellingham entry
Ye 13th. A very hott day. Ye remainder of St. George’s regiment came in. I saw Ja: Barry [captain in the regiment [1]] and was late wth him.
Rawstorne entry
13 at Preston & at prayers & at Tom Bostocks wth. Sr Tho: Clifton & Brother ffleetwood & others, & at Monsieurs [hostelry, not identified] wth Mr patten Mr Whitehead Mr Sallom &c
[1] Dalton, English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, vol. 3: 1689-1694, 259.
July 14
Bellingham entry
Ye 14th. Much raine. Mr. Walmsly, of Lealand, preach’d 2 apologetick sermons on unity. I walk’t wth Capt Barry [of St George’s Regiment] att Enam [Avenham], where we found ye soldiers robbing ye garden [probably the gardens of Avenham House]. We came after to ye Dogg, where were Capt Taylor [not identified] and severall other officers.
Rawstorne entry
i4 at Preston Church heard Mr. Walmsey of Layland 2 Ephe: 4: & 3 [Vers]: endeavouring to Keep the [unity] of the Spirit in the land of peace.
Comment
These entries suggest that the Rev George Walmsley might have been attempting to heal rifts appearing locally occasioned by the varied responses to William’s invasion.
July 15
Bellingham entry
Ye 15th. A fayr day. I din’d att Penwortham [Priory], and went wth Mr. Fleetwood‘s and Coll Rawstorne to ye town end.
Rawstorne entry
i5 at Preston & went to Penwortha & my wife, afternoone at Townend wth my brother & Capt’ Bellingham & Mr Lemon
July 16
Bellingham entry
Ye 16th. A fayr day. Sr Henry Ingoldsby’s regiment came hither. I was to waite on him and Capt Coote who has his Lady and children wth him. I saw young Disney who wth Harry Moore are both ensignes.
Rawstorne entry
i6 at Preston & at prayers
Comment
Sir Henry Ingoldsby’s Regiment of Foot was raised 8 March 1689, one of William III’s new regiments. In his early life, Ingoldsby was first a Royalist, then switched to the Parliamentarians, commanding a regiment in Ireland. At the Restoration he became Royalist once again and again saw service in Ireland. Capt Coote was Chidley Coote, Disney was Thomas Disny and Harry Moore was Henry Moore. The regiment served in Ireland later in the year, but lost so many men from illness that it was disbanded in the following January. A further reason for its disbanding is possibly the following report relating to the regiment’s performance in Ireland: ‘Colonel ill and incapable, as are almost all the other officers, who are usually Absent, and are so greedy of money that the soldiers can scarce get paid, very badly clothed, and without shirts; as bad a Regiment as possible, except Drogheda’s, which is worse.’ [1]
[1] Clifford Walton, History of the British Standing Army. A.D. 1660 to 1700 (London: Harrison and Sons, 1894), 80, http://archive.org/details/historybritishs00waltgoog.
July 17
Bellingham entry
Ye 17th. A fayr day. I walk’t wth ye Coll [Rawstorne] to ye marsh and bowl’d, and was late wth severall officers att ye anchor.
Rawstorne entry
i7 at Preston & at prayers & at Penwortham & boathouse
July 18
Bellingham entry
Ye 18th. Much raine. This morning Nabby had an issue [?] made. Ye soldiers unslated the Popish Chappell. I was to visit Tracy who killed Malone att Wiggan. I was wth Sr Henry to waite on Mrs. Coote, and after wth Capt Purefoy and others.
Rawstorne entry
i8 at Preston & at [Quarter] Sessions there
Comment
The soldiers would probably be from Ingoldsby’s regiment. Hewitson states that the Catholic chapel was in Friargate and that it was established there in 1605. As usual, he supplies no evidence for his assertion. A passing reference in another source asserts that the Jesuits opened a chapel in Preston during the time of James II’s relaxation of controls on Catholic worship. This assertion, also, is not supported by evidence. [1] At the same time that the Jesuits were supposed to be opening a chapel in Preston the Benedictines had opened a chapel at Fishwick. It is possible this was the chapel the soldiers unslated, it certainly suffered indignities in the coming years. Capt Purefoy was Francis Purefoy of Ingoldsby’s regiment. [2] Who Tracy was, and why he killed Malone is unknown.
[1] Michael A. Mullett and Leo Warren, Martyrs of the Diocese of Lancaster (Preston: Snape (Printers), 1987), 19.
[2] Dalton, English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, vol 3: 1689-1694, 78.
July 19
Bellingham entry
Ye 19th. Some raine. I sent Mr. Bankes horse to Liverpoole. I saw Tom Whitehead and Ensign Harry Moore.
Rawstorne entry
i9 at Preston & at [Quarter] Sessions the first day dyned at Ancor the 2d at Mitre
Comment
Moore was a member of Ingoldsby’s regiment. Whitehead could be a mistaken rendering of Thomas Whitfeild, another officer in the regiment. [1]
[1] Dalton, 78.
July 20
Bellingham entry
Ye 20th. A fayr day. I saw Mr Kennyon and was wth Collnell Kirby [not identified] and Rawstorn att widdow Cliftons [hostelry, not identified], and were treated by Mr. Brockalls
Rawstorne entry
20 at Preston & at James Cowpers & [Wid.] Clyftons wth. Mr Beockholes & Officers of Coll Inglebies regiemt.
Comment
Mr Brockalls was probably John Brockholes of Claughton Hall, a member of the Catholic family, two of whose brothers became priests and two sons took part in the 1715 Jacobite rebellion.
July 21
Bellingham entry
Ye 21. Some drops of heat. Mr. Palmer, Chaplaine to this Regiment [Ingoldsby’s], preach’d in ye morning. This evening came here Capt Ed. Griffiths [not identified], in his journey to Whithaven.
Rawstorne entry
2i at Preston Church heard the Coll’s Chaplaine & Mr Bland.
July 22
Bellingham entry
Ye 22. A fayr day. Ye Regiment [Ingoldsby’s] exercis’d att ye marsh and fir’d bulletts. I din’d wth Capt Griffith [?] att ye hind [hostelry not identified. This is the only occurrence of the name in the diaries]. We walk’d after noon, and sate late upp att night.
Rawstorne entry
22 at Preston & went to Penwortham, the Regiment uppon the Marsh the Coll: [Ingoldsby] & 6 Capt’s. came to dinner to Walton [Hall?] to Meet Mr Patten about Capt [?] & returned to Penwortham & so home
July 23
Bellingham entry
Ye 23. Much raine last night. Capt Griffith [not identified] went hence this morning for Whithaven, and several officers went to Chester for money. I bowld in ye afternoon. We had a good account from Capt Billings [not identified] of ye state of ye Protestants of Derry and Eniskillin.
Rawstorne entry
23 at Preston & at Prayers: Paid to the poore, was a Mary Rigby’s p 3
July 24
Bellingham entry
Ye 24th. A fayre day. The regiment [Ingoldsby’s] went hence for Wiggan. I din’d att ye marsh. Councellour Kearnes [?] came through with an express from Kirke to Schomberg. Derry holds out bravely, and it is hoped that Kirke will relieve it.
Rawstorne entry
24 at Preston & at prayers, & went went to Swanseys’s toth’ bowles dyned there; The souldiers Marched Coll. Inglesbye’s regiemt to Wygan return’d by 6, writ to Coz: Kenion
Comment
General Kirke had been attempting to raise the siege of Derry for nearly six weeks. He succeeded on 28 July and shortly after Marshal Schomberg arrived in Ireland with an army estimated to include as many as 26,000 troops. [1]
[1] Steve Pincus, 1688: The First Modern Revolution (Yale University, 2009), 271.
July 25
Bellingham entry
Ye 25th. A very fayr day. Ye regiment return’d. A woman of them allmost kill’d another in the Carte with a Grenadeers hatchett. I was wth Sr Harry [Ingoldsby] and we bowld, and Coll Kirby [not identified], Rawstorne, and I dranke a bottle wth him at Clifton’s [hostelry, not identified].
Rawstorne entry
25 at Preston & went to Broughton to vew the bridge there Mr Patten wth me was at Boeles wth Coll: Ingelsby & Coll Kirby, & after at Mrs: Cliftons wth theim
Comment
The attack mentioned by Bellingham gives an indication of the unruly nature of Ingoldsby’s men and their foloowers.
July 26
Bellingham entry
Ye 26th. A fayr day. I play’d wth Hamilton att Trick Track.
Rawstorne entry
26 at Preston & at prayers, The old Lady Bradshaw came to see us, was at Prayers & dyned wth us, was ‘ith’ Hall [Penwortham] about the Poll-money, & went to Walton to [Wid.] Andertons [not identified], Mr Patten wth mee
Comment
Trick Track was a variant of backgammon. The Lady Bradshaw was probably Elizabeth, widow of Roger Bradshaigh, of Haigh, near Wigan, and daughter of William Pennington of Muncaster. Rawstorne would have described her as ‘the old Lady Bradshaw’ to distinguish her from her widowed daughter-in-law, Roger’s son, also Roger, having died in 1687. The family were connected to Rawstorne’s brother-in-law Edward Fleetwood. The elder Bradshaigh was a cousin of Edward Fleetwood’s father and became his ward when he was orphaned. [1] The poll money was one of the taxes that Parliament had agreed to raise to meet William’s expenses, the others were a land tax and excise duties. William needed two and a half million pounds to fund his Ireland campaign. [2]
[1] ‘Bradshaigh, Roger I (1628-84), of Haigh Hall, Nr. Wigan, Lancs. | History of Parliament Online’, accessed 28 July 2018, http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/bradshaigh-roger-i-1628-84; ‘Bradshaigh, Roger II (c.1649-87), of Haigh Hall, Nr. Wigan, Lancs. | History of Parliament Online’, accessed 28 July 2018, http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/bradshaigh-roger-ii-1649-87.
[2] A. M. Claydon, William III (Routledge, 2014), 145, https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Z1zJAwAAQBAJ.
July 27
Bellingham entry
Ye 27th. A fayr day. Ye Regiment [Ingoldsby’s] went hence to Wiggan.
Rawstorne entry
27 at Preston & at prayers, the Regiemt. march’d to Wygan & I went to Penwortham & my wife & 2 boyes, & they & I went to Hutton Grange.
July 28
Bellingham entry
Ye 28th. A fayr day. Mr. Gregory preach’t in ye afternoone. I sent coppyes of Capt Withers letters to London.
Rawstorne entry
28 at Preston & the Church heard Mr Bland & Mr Gregorie.
July 29
Bellingham entry
Ye 29th. A fayr day. Mr. Barton and Bankes came here. I was wth Mr. Kennyon. Din’d wth Coll Matthews, and payd my way att Coopers.
Rawstorne entry
29 at Preston & the Sessions held by adjournemt. for psons to take the Oathes &c [of loyalty to church and state]
July 30
Bellingham entry
Ye 30th. A fayr day. I went by Liverpoole to Chester to view ye camp. I was kindly treated att Mrs Holt’s
Rawstorne entry
30 at Preston & the Sess againe dyned at [Wid.] Cliftons [hostelry, not identified],: Majo ffarrington Mr. Parker [probably Christopher Parker of Bradkirk Hall or possibly one of the Parkers of Browsholme] Mr. Patten & Major Longworth, was at Ancor after, & at Mitre
July 31
Bellingham entry
Ye 31th. A fayr day. I saw ye camp. There were 8 Regiments. Schomberg came to view them. I din’d in Capt. Purefoy’s tent, and sup’t wth ye Lord Drogheda, where was Ld Lisbourn, Coll Wharton, Sr Hen Bellass, and severall others. We dranke hard and talk’d high. Here came in this day 2 French regiments. A man ran ye Gantlope [‘ran the gauntlet’, military punishment]. 10 [?].
Rawstorne entry
3i at Preston & at prayers
Comment
Marshal Schomberg was reviewing the troops who were about to embark for Ireland. The French regiments, such as Colonel de la Meloniere’s regiment of foot, would be made up of French refugees, many of whom had taken part in William’s invasion. [1]
[1] Dalton, English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, 3: 1689-1694:81.
preston history 